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Measles--United States, 2005

    MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
    |December 22, 2006
    PubMed

    Insights

    Measles remains a significant public health concern due to imported cases, despite the absence of endemic disease in the U.S. Maintaining high measles vaccination rates is crucial to prevent outbreaks.

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Epidemiology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Measles is a highly contagious viral illness with potentially severe complications, including pneumonia, diarrhea, and encephalitis.
    • Before widespread vaccination, measles caused approximately 500,000 cases annually in the United States.
    • The U.S. has made significant progress in controlling measles, aiming for elimination of endemic transmission.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe the epidemiology of measles cases reported in the United States during 2005.
    • To assess the status of endemic measles transmission and the risk of imported cases.
    • To reinforce the importance of maintaining high vaccination coverage.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of confirmed measles case data reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) by local and state health departments.
    • Epidemiological investigation of reported cases, including outbreak analysis.
    • Review of national measles surveillance data.

    Main Results:

    • In 2005, 66 confirmed measles cases were reported in the U.S., with an incidence rate below one per million population.
    • A single outbreak in Indiana accounted for 34 cases, linked to a traveler returning to the U.S.
    • No evidence of endemic measles transmission was documented, confirming the success of control efforts.

    Conclusions:

    • The United States maintained the absence of endemic measles in 2005.
    • Imported measles cases continue to pose a risk for potential transmission within the U.S.
    • Sustaining high measles vaccination coverage and adhering to vaccination recommendations are essential for preventing resurgence.

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