CDC's 60th anniversary: director's perspective--James O. Mason, M.D., Dr.P.H., 1983-1989

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Epidemiology
• Disease Prevention

Background:

• The 1980s saw significant progress in controlling infectious diseases, leading to reduced mortality.
• Concurrently, chronic and noncommunicable diseases emerged as major public health concerns, increasing their impact on national health.
• This epidemiological shift prompted a reevaluation of public health priorities.

Observation:

• Advances in infectious disease control led to a decrease in related illnesses and deaths.
• There was a notable rise in the prevalence and impact of chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and diabetes.
• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) began to broaden its programmatic scope.

Findings:

• The CDC's responsibilities expanded to encompass noncommunicable diseases, including cancer, heart disease, and diabetes.
• Despite the shift towards chronic diseases, a novel infectious disease emerged, requiring significant agency resources and expertise.
• This dual focus led to increased funding, programs, staff, and partnerships for the CDC.

Implications:

• The expansion of the CDC's mandate reflects evolving national health priorities and challenges.
• The agency's adaptability was tested by the simultaneous rise of chronic diseases and a new infectious threat.
• These developments positioned the CDC for future growth and broader public health engagement.