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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Published on: September 19, 2012

Personal values, beliefs, and ecological risk perception.

Michael W Slimak¹, Thomas Dietz

¹National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. slimak.michael@epa.gov

Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis

|December 23, 2006

Summary

Public ecological risk perception differs significantly, with laypersons prioritizing high-consequence events and professionals focusing on long-term impacts. Value-belief-norm theory explains these divergent views on environmental risks.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Published on: September 19, 2012

Area of Science:

Environmental Psychology
Risk Analysis
Sociology

Background:

Ecological risk perception influences public policy and individual behavior.
Understanding differences in risk perception between the public and experts is crucial for effective environmental management.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare ecological risk perceptions between the general public and risk professionals.
To investigate the explanatory power of the value-belief-norm (VBN) theory in predicting ecological risk perception.

Main Methods:

A mail survey was conducted in 2002 with a randomized sample of the lay public and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) risk professionals.
Respondents ranked 24 ecological risk items and answered questions on personal values, spiritual beliefs, and worldviews.
The value-belief-norm (VBN) theory was used to analyze predictors of risk rankings.

Main Results:

Lay public prioritized low-probability, high-consequence risks; risk professionals focused on long-term, ecosystem-level impacts.
Belief in the new ecological paradigm (NEP) and altruism were the strongest predictors, explaining 19-46% of variance in risk rankings.
Higher education and financial well-being correlated with lower risk concern; political leanings indirectly influenced rankings via NEP.

Conclusions:

The value-belief-norm (VBN) theory provides a plausible framework for understanding variations in ecological risk perception.
Individual values, beliefs, and worldviews significantly shape how different groups perceive environmental threats.
Demographic factors like education and socioeconomic status play a role, though less consistently than core beliefs.