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Related Concept Videos

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:
Irritable Bowel Syndrome01:23

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

DefinitionIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent combinations of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation.Pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndromeIts pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving disturbances in motility, sensory processing, microbial balance, barrier integrity, and gut–brain communication. These mechanisms interact to produce symptoms that vary across IBS subtypes.Altered Motility PatternsDisordered...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management

Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) involves a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and medication.
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...

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Irritable bowel syndrome: a practical review.

Mihaela Podovei1, Braden Kuo

  • 1GI Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.

Southern Medical Journal
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Summary

This review covers irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) pathophysiology, exploring genetic, environmental, and biological factors. It outlines current diagnostic and treatment strategies, including novel therapies like serotonin modulators.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder.
  • Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions between genetic, environmental, and biological factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of IBS epidemiology and pathophysiology.
  • To outline evidence-based diagnostic and treatment approaches for IBS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological data.
  • Analysis of current evidence on IBS pathophysiology.
  • Summary of diagnostic criteria and therapeutic modalities.

Main Results:

  • Discusses the multifactorial etiology of IBS, including genetics, environment, infection, inflammation, and gut-motility abnormalities.
  • Highlights the roles of the gut microbiome, hormones, and potential allergic responses.
  • Reviews established and emerging treatments, such as serotonin modulators.

Conclusions:

  • IBS is a complex disorder with diverse contributing factors.
  • A thorough understanding of pathophysiology guides practical diagnosis and treatment.
  • Current and novel therapeutic agents offer management options for IBS patients.