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Tension

Tension

Tension is a force along the length of a medium, in particular, a force carried by a flexible medium, such as a rope or cable. The word "tension" comes from Latin, meaning "to stretch". Not coincidentally, the flexible cords that carry muscle forces to other parts of the body are called tendons. Any flexible connector, such as a string, rope, chain, wire, or cable, can exert pull only parallel to its length; so, a force carried by a flexible connector is a tension with a direction parallel to...

Tension

Tension

Tension is a force along the length of a medium, in particular, a force carried by a flexible medium, such as a rope or cable. The word "tension" comes from Latin, meaning "to stretch". Not coincidentally, the flexible cords that carry muscle forces to other parts of the body are called tendons. Any flexible connector, such as a string, rope, chain, wire, or cable, can exert pull only parallel to its length; so, a force carried by a flexible connector is a tension with a direction parallel to...

Dense Connective Tissue

Dense Connective Tissue

Dense connective tissue contains more collagen fibers than loose connective tissue. As a consequence, it displays greater resistance to stretching. There are two major categories of dense connective tissue— regular and irregular.
Dense Regular Connective Tissue
In dense regular connective tissue, fibers are arranged parallel to each other, enhancing its tensile strength and resistance to stretching in the direction of the fiber orientations. Ligaments and tendons are made of dense regular...

Layers of Connective Tissue Proper

Layers of Connective Tissue Proper

Fascia, a thin layer of fibrous connective tissue, is distributed throughout the body. It demarcates and forms a supportive covering over skeletal muscles, bones, blood vessels, and organs. There are three main types of facia— superficial fascia, deep fascia, and subserous fascia. These are all present at different depths in the body. Fascia reduces the friction and permits muscles, joints, and organs to easily slide against each other, facilitating movement of the body and preventing tearing...

Elastin is Responsible for Tissue Elasticity

Elastin is Responsible for Tissue Elasticity

Elastic fiber contains the protein elastin along with lesser amounts of other proteins and glycoproteins. The main property of elastin is that it will return to its original shape after being stretched or compressed. Elastic fibers are prominent in elastic tissues found in skin and the elastic ligaments of the vertebral column.
Ligaments and tendons are made of dense regular connective tissue, but in ligaments not all fibers are parallel. Dense regular elastic tissue contains elastin fibers and...

Tension Response at Adherens Junctions

Tension Response at Adherens Junctions

The adherens junctions that anchor cells together are multi-protein complexes that dynamically adapt to mechanical stimuli such as tensile forces and shear stress. Mechanosensory proteins in these junctions can sense such mechanical stimuli and undergo a shift in their conformation, resulting in an altered function — a process called mechanotransduction.
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin homology) domains...

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Related Experiment Video

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Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a Suture Material in Tendon Surgery

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[Tissue resistance: what about tension-free?].

M Boukerrou¹, E Lambaudie, C Rubod

¹Pôle de chirurgie gynécologique, hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, centre hospitalier régional universitaire de Lille, 2, avenue Oscar-Lambret, 59037 Lille, France. mbouk@free.fr

Gynecologie, Obstetrique & Fertilite

|January 2, 2007

Summary

Wider meshes and trans-sacrospinous placement enhance tissue resistance for pelvic floor repair prostheses. Optimal mesh design is crucial for secure, tension-free fixation in prolapse surgery.

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Last Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a Suture Material in Tendon Surgery

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a Suture Material in Tendon Surgery

Published on: October 6, 2022

Investigating Stress-relaxation and Failure Responses in the Trachea

Investigating Stress-relaxation and Failure Responses in the Trachea

Published on: October 18, 2022

Biomechanical Characterization of Human Soft Tissues Using Indentation and Tensile Testing

Biomechanical Characterization of Human Soft Tissues Using Indentation and Tensile Testing

Published on: December 13, 2016

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Surgical Innovation
Pelvic Floor Reconstruction

Context:

Pelvic floor disorders affect millions, necessitating effective surgical interventions.
Current prostheses (meshes) for pelvic floor repair require robust tissue integration for success.
Objective quantification of tissue resistance is vital for improving surgical outcomes.

Purpose:

To quantify the objective tissue resistances of different prostheses used in pelvic floor surgery.
To evaluate the impact of mesh width and surgical route on tissue resistance.
To provide data for optimizing mesh design and surgical techniques.

Summary:

Tissue resistance was measured in Newtons on cadavers using a dynamometer for five mesh types and four surgical routes.
Wider Prolene meshes demonstrated improved tissue resistance and fixation.
The trans-sacrospinous route offered superior resistance compared to the trans-muscular route.

Impact:

Findings suggest wider posterior mesh arms (>1 cm) placed via the trans-sacrospinous ligament improve fixation.
Mesh knitting and mechanical properties are critical for immediate postoperative resistance.
This research can guide manufacturers in developing specialized meshes for tension-free pelvic floor repair.