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[Pulmonary involvement in polymyositis and dermatomyositis]
I Tillie-Leblond1, G Colin, J Lelong
1Service de Pneumologie et d'Immuno-Allergologie, Hôpital Calmette, Lille, France. i-tillie@chru-lille.fr
Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires
|January 5, 2007
Summary
Polymyositis and dermatomyositis can cause respiratory issues like diffuse interstitial pneumonitis (DIP), a serious complication. Early detection and treatment of these inflammatory muscle diseases are crucial for patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology and Pulmonology
- Autoimmune myopathies
- Interstitial lung disease
Context:
- Polymyositis and dermatomyositis are inflammatory myopathies affecting skeletal muscle.
- Respiratory involvement, including diffuse interstitial pneumonitis (DIP), is a significant complication.
- DIP in polymyositis is associated with poor prognosis and is a leading cause of mortality.
Purpose:
- To outline the respiratory manifestations of polymyositis and dermatomyositis.
- To highlight the prognostic significance of diffuse interstitial pneumonitis (DIP).
- To discuss the diagnostic markers, such as anti-synthetase antibodies, and treatment approaches.
Summary:
- Inflammatory myopathies can lead to respiratory complications, including inhalation pneumonia and respiratory failure.
- Diffuse interstitial pneumonitis (DIP) is a severe manifestation, often with acute onset (30-47% of cases).
- Anti-synthetase antibodies, particularly anti-JO-1, are present in approximately 75% of cases. Treatment involves immunosuppressants and corticosteroids.
Impact:
- Understanding respiratory involvement is critical for managing polymyositis and dermatomyositis.
- Identifying DIP early can guide prognosis and treatment strategies.
- This knowledge aids in improving patient morbidity and mortality rates associated with these conditions.
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