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Angle closure glaucoma: a cause for bilateral visual threat.

Suraj Shakya1, Himanshu Ravi Gupta

  • 1BP Karalla Lions Centre for Ophthalmic Studies, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuwan University, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal. suraj_bpkeye@hotmail.com

Nepal Medical College Journal : NMCJ
|January 6, 2007
PubMed
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Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) frequently causes bilateral blindness, especially in East Asian populations. This study highlights the significant visual impairment and blindness associated with both acute and chronic PACG.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Public Health
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Glaucoma is a leading global cause of blindness.
  • Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) disproportionately affects East Asian populations and is linked to higher rates of bilateral blindness compared to other glaucoma types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the visual profile and outcomes of patients with angle closure glaucoma.
  • To determine the prevalence of blindness and associated factors in PACG cases.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study analyzing 387 cases of angle closure glaucoma over three years.
  • Data collected included patient demographics, glaucoma type (acute vs. chronic), intraocular pressure (IOP), cataract association, and visual status at diagnosis and after treatment.

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Main Results:

  • Female patients constituted 71.8% of the study cohort.
  • Chronic angle closure glaucoma (CACG) accounted for 61.5% of cases, while acute angle closure glaucoma (AACG) represented 38.5%.
  • Blindness prevalence was 20.4% in CACG and 8.9% in AACG after acute attack management. Bilateral blindness affected 17.6% of all cases. Mean IOP was 32 mmHg in CACG and 44 mmHg in AACG. Cataract co-morbidity was observed in 15.1% of CACG and 12.8% of AACG cases.

Conclusions:

  • Angle closure glaucoma is a significant cause of bilateral blindness.
  • Early diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent vision loss in PACG patients.
  • PACG poses a substantial public health challenge, particularly in East Asian communities.