Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity01:25

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity

Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...
Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
Toxicity Testing in Animals01:23

Toxicity Testing in Animals

Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...
Bioactivation and Tissue Toxicity01:25

Bioactivation and Tissue Toxicity

Bioactivation is a metabolic process that transforms less reactive substances into highly reactive metabolites, initiating tissue toxicity. This transformation can lead to various toxic effects, including carcinogenesis and teratogenesis. Reactive metabolites are classified into two main types: electrophiles and free radicals.Electrophiles are electron-deficient species and are produced primarily by the enzyme cytochrome P-450 during the metabolism of compounds containing carbon, nitrogen, or...
Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions01:24

Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions

Drug toxicities can be stratified into pharmacological, pathological, or genotoxic based on their mechanisms. The incidence and severity of these toxicities generally increase with the drug's concentration in the body and exposure time.Pharmacological toxicity is evident when the therapeutic effects of drugs overshoot into adverse reactions in a predictable, dose-dependent manner. Central nervous system (CNS) depression from barbiturates is a classic example, with effects escalating from...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Comparative evaluation of proximal caries detection methods using human, artificial intelligence, and micro-CT assessments.

Journal of dentistry·2026
Same author

Influence of Surface Conditioning Protocols and Lining Materials on the Fracture Resistance of Aged 3D-Printed Onlay Restorations.

Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.]·2026
Same author

Taurine reduces intracellular glucose accumulation in fructose-treated Caenorhabditis elegans.

Amino acids·2026
Same author

Toxicological evaluation of α-Arbutin, a skin depigmenting agent, with emphasis on mutagenicity assessment.

Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·2026
Same author

Wavelength-Dependent Transmitted Irradiance Through Lithium Disilicate Ceramics.

Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.]·2026
Same author

Behaviour change support education in chronic disease: An international focus group study with undergraduate students and academic educators in nursing, pharmacy and sport science disciplines.

PloS one·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Using Caenorhabditis elegans for Studying Trans- and Multi-Generational Effects of Toxicants
08:58

Using Caenorhabditis elegans for Studying Trans- and Multi-Generational Effects of Toxicants

Published on: July 29, 2019

Gamma-decanolactone effect on behavioral and genotoxic parameters.

Carla Cristina Soares Viana1, Paulo Alexandre de Oliveira, Lucimar Filot da Silva Brum

  • 1Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Curso de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada, Av Farroupilha, 8001, Bairro São José, Canoas, RS, Brazil.

Life Sciences
|January 9, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Gamma-decanolactone impacts the central nervous system (CNS) in mice, affecting behavior and causing DNA damage at higher doses. This monoterpene compound did not show anxiolytic or antidepressant effects in behavioral tests.

More Related Videos

Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants
07:08

Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants

Published on: March 6, 2018

In Vivo Alkaline Comet Assay and Enzyme-modified Alkaline Comet Assay for Measuring DNA Strand Breaks and Oxidative DNA Damage in Rat Liver
10:38

In Vivo Alkaline Comet Assay and Enzyme-modified Alkaline Comet Assay for Measuring DNA Strand Breaks and Oxidative DNA Damage in Rat Liver

Published on: May 4, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Using Caenorhabditis elegans for Studying Trans- and Multi-Generational Effects of Toxicants
08:58

Using Caenorhabditis elegans for Studying Trans- and Multi-Generational Effects of Toxicants

Published on: July 29, 2019

Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants
07:08

Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants

Published on: March 6, 2018

In Vivo Alkaline Comet Assay and Enzyme-modified Alkaline Comet Assay for Measuring DNA Strand Breaks and Oxidative DNA Damage in Rat Liver
10:38

In Vivo Alkaline Comet Assay and Enzyme-modified Alkaline Comet Assay for Measuring DNA Strand Breaks and Oxidative DNA Damage in Rat Liver

Published on: May 4, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Gamma-decanolactone is a monoterpene with known central nervous system (CNS) activity in animal models.
  • Previous studies indicate hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and hypothermic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the behavioral effects of gamma-decanolactone (0.1 and 0.3 g/kg) in mice using plus-maze, open field, and forced swim tests.
  • To investigate the genotoxic potential of gamma-decanolactone on brain tissue.

Main Methods:

  • Behavioral analysis in plus-maze, open field, and forced swim tests.
  • Comet assay to assess DNA damage in brain tissue following single intraperitoneal administration.

Main Results:

  • A dose of 0.3 g/kg gamma-decanolactone decreased locomotion and rearing in the open field test.
  • The higher dose increased exploratory activity (rearing) 24 hours post-training and induced DNA damage in brain tissue.
  • No significant changes were observed in the plus-maze or forced swim tests, indicating no anxiolytic or antidepressant activity.

Conclusions:

  • Gamma-decanolactone exhibits dose-dependent CNS effects, including altered exploratory behavior and genotoxicity at higher doses.
  • The compound does not appear to possess anxiolytic or antidepressant properties based on the tested behavioral paradigms.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the implications of its genotoxic effects on CNS function.