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Instrument development tools and activities for measure validation using Rasch models: part I - instrument

Edward W Wolfe¹, Everett V Smith

¹313 East Eggleston Hall, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. edwolfe@vt.edu

Journal of Applied Measurement

|January 12, 2007

Summary

Careful instrument development is crucial for creating valid test measures. This process involves documenting measurement purpose, test specifications, item creation, expert review, and pilot study planning for robust validity arguments.

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Area of Science:

Measurement and psychometrics
Educational and psychological assessment

Background:

Instrument development is critical for establishing the validity of test measures.
Validity arguments underpin inferences and decisions based on test data.
This article is Part I of a series focusing on foundational instrument development.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of validity concepts in measurement.
To describe how instrument development facilitates validity arguments.
To outline key activities in rigorous instrument development.

Main Methods:

Focus on documenting the purpose of measurement.
Emphasize the creation of comprehensive test specifications.
Detail item development, expert review, and pilot study planning.

Main Results:

Instrument development activities generate essential data for validity arguments.
Structured documentation provides a foundation for subsequent data analysis.
Planning pilot studies is integral to the development process.

Conclusions:

Systematic instrument development is foundational for robust validity arguments.
Thorough documentation at each stage is key.
The methods discussed prepare for data analysis and reporting in Part II.