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Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Preparation of Chitosan-based Injectable Hydrogels and Its Application in 3D Cell Culture
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Fibroblast interaction with carboxymethylchitosan-based hydrogels.

Wanida Janvikul1, Paweena Uppanan, Boonlom Thavornyutikarn

  • 1National Metal and Materials Technology Center, Pathumthani, Thailand. wanidaj@mtec.or.th

Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine
|January 16, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Carboxymethylchitosan hydrogels show no cytotoxicity and support L929 cell growth. Material properties like surface structure and polymer blends significantly influence cell behavior and attachment.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Carboxymethylchitosan (CM-chitosan) hydrogels are investigated for biomedical applications.
  • Understanding cell-material interactions is crucial for designing effective biomaterials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the interaction between L929 cells and various CM-chitosan-based hydrogels.
  • To assess the cytotoxicity of these hydrogels.
  • To investigate how material properties influence cell morphology and behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Cytotoxicity tests were performed on all hydrogel formulations.
  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe cellular morphology and behavior on hydrogel surfaces.
  • Various parameters including polymer blends, surface structure, and steaming conditions were systematically varied.

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Main Results:

  • All tested CM-chitosan hydrogels exhibited non-cytotoxic behavior.
  • SEM revealed cell proliferation and spreading on porous CM-chitosan, with enhanced spreading on flat surfaces.
  • Incorporation of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) resulted in rounded cells, with cell numbers decreasing as PVA content increased.
  • Blends with ultra-high viscosity carboxymethylcellulose (CM-cellulose) showed cell aggregation, while low viscosity CM-cellulose promoted cell spreading.
  • Optimal cell spreading was observed on CM-chitosan films steamed under the most rigorous conditions (highest temperature, longest duration).

Conclusions:

  • CM-chitosan hydrogels are biocompatible and support L929 cell attachment and proliferation.
  • Hydrogel properties, including surface topography, polymer composition (PVA, CM-cellulose), and preparation conditions (steaming), significantly modulate cell-material interactions.
  • Tailoring these properties can optimize hydrogel performance for specific biomedical applications.