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Related Experiment Videos

Inflammation associated with implants with different surface types.

Nuchjaree J Pongnarisorn1, Erica Gemmell, Albert E S Tan

  • 1School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. np_jang@hotmail.com

Clinical Oral Implants Research
|January 17, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Dental implant surface type did not significantly alter inflammatory infiltrate or microbiota, though plaque presence was universal. A grooved surface showed a trend towards larger inflammatory infiltrates, warranting further investigation into plaque accumulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral biology
  • Periodontology
  • Biomaterials science

Background:

  • Dental implant success relies on managing peri-implant inflammation.
  • Transmucosal implant surfaces interact with the oral environment, potentially influencing inflammatory responses.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for optimizing implant design and patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the inflammatory cell infiltrate associated with various transmucosal dental implant surfaces in a canine model.
  • To assess the impact of different implant surface topographies on the peri-implant microbiota.
  • To correlate inflammatory responses with specific implant surface characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Eight dogs received four types of single-stage implants with different transmucosal surfaces (acid-etched, grooved machined, anodically oxidized, standard machined).

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  • Plaque control measures were implemented throughout the 6-month experimental period.
  • Gingival biopsies and plaque samples were analyzed using immunohistology and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for inflammatory cell types and specific periodontal pathogens.

    • Main Results:

    • Inflammatory infiltrates, predominantly T cells (CD4:CD8 ratio ~2:1), were present around all implant surfaces.
    • The grooved machined surface (type C) exhibited significantly larger inflammatory infiltrates compared to the standard machined surface (type B).
    • No significant differences were observed in the nature of infiltrating cells or the prevalence of key periodontal pathogens (Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis) across the surfaces.

    Conclusions:

    • Dental implant surface characteristics do not appear to influence the nature of the inflammatory infiltrate, which is primarily T-cell mediated.
    • The presence of plaque, rather than implant surface type, is a key factor in peri-implant inflammation.
    • A circumferential groove on the implant surface may be associated with increased inflammatory infiltrate, potentially due to enhanced plaque accumulation.