Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 5, 2026
08:36
Semi-automated Analysis of Mouse Skeletal Muscle Morphology and Fiber-type Composition
Published on: August 31, 2017
10.5K
Analytic Morphomics in Myositis-Related Interstitial Lung Disease
Alexander T O'Mahony1, Patrick J Henry2, Patrick Coghlan3
1Department of Radiology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland.
Lung
|July 17, 2023
Summary
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) with interstitial lung disease (ILD) show significant body composition changes on CT scans. Decreased muscle density indicates poorer muscle quality, potentially impacting ILD prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Pulmonology
- Rheumatology
Background:
- Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common complication of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM).
- Assessing body composition changes may offer insights into IIM-ILD prognosis.
- Current methods may not fully capture subtle body composition alterations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate muscle quantity and quality using cross-sectional imaging in IIM patients with ILD.
- To explore the relationship between body composition changes and ILD severity.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of 31 IIM-ILD patients.
- Analysis of thoracic CT data for muscle (erector spinae and pectoralis) cross-sectional area and density.
- Morphomic analysis using a web-based tool to segment muscle and fat.
Main Results:
- Patients showed increased muscle area but significantly decreased muscle density (lower Hounsfield Units).
- Subcutaneous fat area increased significantly; visceral fat showed a non-significant increase.
- Reduced pectoralis muscle density correlated inversely with diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO).
Conclusions:
- CT-derived morphomic analysis reveals significant body composition changes in IIM-ILD patients.
- Increased muscle area with decreased density suggests reduced muscle quality.
- These changes, detectable via imaging, may be relevant for prognosis and early intervention.
Related Concept Videos
01:20COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
01:17Other Pulmonary Disorders
Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
01:20Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic Inflammation
01:26Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification
Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
01:23Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema
Emphysema, a major phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible destruction of alveolar walls and permanent enlargement of distal airspaces. Unlike chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways, emphysema predominantly involves the lung parenchyma, where structural damage leads to airflow limitation.PathophysiologyIt most commonly results from prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke and other toxic gases, particularly cigarette smoke.
01:24Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features
Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...