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Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Synthesis of Esters Via a Greener Steglich Esterification in Acetonitrile
Published on: October 30, 2018
Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives, Caffeoylmalic and New Caffeoylaldonic Acid Esters, from Chelidonium majus*,1
1Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie and Phytochemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität, D-4400 Münster, Federal Republic of Germany.
Abstract:
HPLC analysis of a hydrolyzed extract obtained from the aerial parts of CHELIDONIUM MAJUS yielded 0.4% caffeic, 0.06% P-coumaric, and 0.02% ferulic acids; gentisic and P-hydroxybenzoic acids were below 0.01%. The caffeic acid derivatives occur as esters of which four were isolated using gel permeation chromatography, centrifugal partition chromatography and HPLC; they were assigned on the basis of their spectroscopic data ( (1)H-, (13)C-NMR, UV, MS) as the new (-)-2-( E)-caffeoyl- D-glyceric acid, (-)-4-( E)-caffeoyl- L-threonic acid, (-)-2-( E)-caffeoyl- L-threonic acid lactone, and the known (+)-( E)-caffeoyl- L-malic acid.
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Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides
The IUPAC and common names of acid halides are derived from the corresponding carboxylic acids, by changing “ic acid” to “yl halide.” For example, as shown below, the IUPAC name ethanoyl chloride is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetyl chloride, is obtained from acetic acid.
