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Related Experiment Videos

SDF-1 alpha regulates mesendodermal cell migration during frog gastrulation.

Akimasa Fukui1, Toshiyasu Goto, Junko Kitamoto

  • 1Department of Life Sciences (Biology), Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|January 24, 2007
PubMed
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The CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling pathway guides mesendodermal cell migration during frog gastrulation. This molecular mechanism is crucial for the directional movement of leading edge mesendodermal cells (LEM) and overall embryonic development.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Cell migration
  • Molecular signaling

Background:

  • During frog gastrulation, mesendodermal cells migrate towards the animal pole.
  • The leading edge of mesendodermal cells (LEM) drives the directional migration of involuting marginal zone (IMZ) cells.
  • The precise molecular mechanisms governing this directed cell movement remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling in mediating the directional migration of LEM during Xenopus gastrulation.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying mesendodermal cell migration in early embryonic development.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of xCXCR4 and xSDF-1alpha expression patterns in Xenopus embryos.
  • Over-expression studies of xCXCR4 and xSDF-1alpha to observe gastrulation phenotypes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilizing an xCXCR4 N-terminus deletion construct and xSDF-1alpha morpholino (MO) to inhibit signaling.
  • Explant assays with LEM to assess directed migration towards the blastocoel roof (BCR) in response to xSDF-1alpha.
  • Manipulating xCXCR4 expression in LEM to evaluate its impact on migration.

    • Main Results:

    • xCXCR4 expression was observed in the IMZ, with complementary xSDF-1alpha expression on the BCR.
    • Over-expression of xCXCR4 or xSDF-1alpha led to significant gastrulation defects.
    • Inhibition of CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling via deletion constructs or morpholinos impaired gastrulation.
    • LEM explants demonstrated directed migration towards the dorsal BCR when supplied with xSDF-1alpha.
    • Altered xCXCR4 expression in LEM disrupted their migratory behavior.

    Conclusions:

    • CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling is a key mediator of directional mesendodermal cell migration during Xenopus gastrulation.
    • This signaling pathway is essential for the coordinated movement of large cell populations during embryonic development.
    • The findings highlight the importance of chemokine signaling in fundamental developmental processes.