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Use of phenazopyridine for reducing discomfort during embryo transfer
Gary N Frishman1, Jenifer E Allsworth, Jennifer B Gannon
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants' Hospital, Brown Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island 02905, USA. Gary.Frishman@brown.edu
Objective:
The embryo transfer is a critical part of in vitro fertilization. When performed under abdominal ultrasound guidance, the embryo transfer procedure requires a full bladder. Patients often state that the discomfort of the distended bladder causes more pain than the actual transfer procedure. Phenazopyridine HCl is a bladder analgesic. The objective of this study was to determine if a single dose of phenazopyridine prior to embryo transfer reduces patient discomfort during that procedure.
Design:
Prospective randomized double-blinded clinical trial.
Setting:
University-based Reproductive Medicine practice.
Patient(S):
Eighty-five reproductive age infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization.
Intervention(S):
Phenazopyridine (200 mg) or placebo taken 1 hour prior to embryo transfer utilizing transabdominal sonography.
Main Outcome Measure(S):
Pain as assessed by visual analogue pain scale and physician and nurse assessment of patient discomfort.
Result(S):
Study groups were similar in their demographic background. Mean pain score as assessed by a visual analogue pain scale during the procedure was 2.95 +/- 2.4 in the placebo group, and 3.03 +/- 2.6 in the active medication group (NS). There were also no significant differences in the observations of pain assessments.
Conclusion(S):
Phenazopyridine used in a single dose prior to embryo transfer does not alleviate patient discomfort.
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