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Does local anesthesia decrease pain perception in women undergoing amniocentesis?

Michael C Gordon1, Ada Ventura-Braswell, Kenneth Higby

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wilford Hall United Stated Air Force Medical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, TX, USA.

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
|January 24, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Local anesthesia does not reduce pain during amniocentesis. This study found no significant difference in pain perception between women who received local anesthesia and those who did not.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Pain Management
  • Medical Procedures

Background:

  • Amniocentesis is a common prenatal diagnostic procedure.
  • Pain perception during amniocentesis can vary.
  • The efficacy of local anesthesia in mitigating this pain is not definitively established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether local anesthesia decreases pain perception during amniocentesis.
  • To test the null hypothesis that local anesthesia does not impact pain during the procedure.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective randomized study comparing local anesthesia (1% lidocaine) with no anesthesia.
  • Inclusion of a racially diverse population.
  • Pain assessment using Visual Analogue Scale and 101-point Numerical Rating Scale immediately post-procedure.

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Main Results:

  • 204 women enrolled; 101 received local anesthesia, 102 received none.
  • No statistically significant difference in pain perception between groups (P = .28 for VAS, P = .18 for NRS).
  • Strong correlation between Visual Analogue Scale and Numerical Rating Scale (r=0.86 to 0.92, P < .001).

Conclusions:

  • Local anesthesia administration prior to amniocentesis does not appear to decrease maternal pain perception.
  • Findings suggest current local anesthesia protocols may not be effective in reducing procedural pain.