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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Identifying Frailty Using Point-of-Care Ultrasonography: Image Acquisition and Assessment
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Identifying Frailty Using Point-of-Care Ultrasonography: Image Acquisition and Assessment

Published on: July 26, 2024

Aging, frailty, and chemotherapy.

Lodovico Balducci1

  • 1Senior Adult Oncology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. balducci@moffitt.org

Cancer Control : Journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center
|January 24, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Elderly patients often miss life-saving cancer treatments due to frailty concerns. Comprehensive geriatric assessments, not just chronological age, better predict tolerance and benefit from interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Oncology
  • Aging Biology

Background:

  • Elderly patients are frequently denied life-saving interventions due to assumptions about treatment toxicity.
  • This practice overlooks the nuanced health status of older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biology of aging.
  • To discuss the assessment of physiologic age.
  • To explore the definition and implications of frailty in cancer treatment for older patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of aging biology.
  • Assessment of physiologic age.
  • Medical definition and implications of frailty in cancer treatment.

Main Results:

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Measuring Frailty in HIV-infected Individuals. Identification of Frail Patients is the First Step to Amelioration and Reversal of Frailty
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Measuring Frailty in HIV-infected Individuals. Identification of Frail Patients is the First Step to Amelioration and Reversal of Frailty

Published on: July 24, 2013

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Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Identifying Frailty Using Point-of-Care Ultrasonography: Image Acquisition and Assessment
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Identifying Frailty Using Point-of-Care Ultrasonography: Image Acquisition and Assessment

Published on: July 26, 2024

Measuring Frailty in HIV-infected Individuals. Identification of Frail Patients is the First Step to Amelioration and Reversal of Frailty
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Measuring Frailty in HIV-infected Individuals. Identification of Frail Patients is the First Step to Amelioration and Reversal of Frailty

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  • Frailty definition is debated; physiologic age and functional reserve are key.
  • Biomarkers like interleukin-6, D-dimer, and C-reactive protein inform assessment.
  • Comprehensive geriatric assessment, functional tests, and lab evaluations guide treatment decisions for older cancer patients.

    • Conclusions:

    • Most older patients benefit from cancer treatment similarly to younger individuals.
    • Only a small subset of older patients may need exclusion from treatment due to poor tolerance.
    • Individualized assessment is crucial for optimizing cancer care in the elderly.