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Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis--the continuing threat
Tatjana Vilibić Cavlek1, Suncanica Ljubin Sternak, Kamelija Zarković
1Department of Virology, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia. tatjana.vilibic-cavlek@hzjz.hr
Collegium Antropologicum
|January 25, 2007
Summary
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) cases in Croatia were analyzed. Measles virus (MV) D6 genotype was detected in brain tissue, highlighting the persistent threat of measles infection.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare, progressive neurological disorder caused by persistent measles virus (MV) infection.
- Understanding the genetic characteristics and clinical presentation of SSPE is crucial for diagnosis and management.
Observation:
- Four SSPE cases diagnosed in Croatia in 2002, aged 5-11 years, were studied.
- Patients had high measles virus antibody titers in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
- Measles virus nucleocapsids and antigen were identified in brain tissue via electron microscopy and immunofluorescence assay (IFA).
Findings:
- Viral RNA detected in brain tissue confirmed persistent measles virus infection.
- Nucleotide sequencing identified the measles virus as wild-type MV D6 genotype.
- No antibodies to varicella-zoster virus were found in CSF, ruling out varicella as a direct cause.
Implications:
- The study confirms the presence of wild-type measles virus, specifically the D6 genotype, in SSPE cases.
- Findings underscore the importance of measles vaccination in preventing SSPE.
- This research contributes to the understanding of SSPE pathogenesis and epidemiology in the region.
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