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Antimicrobial treatment of Capnocytophaga infections

Anne Jolivet-Gougeon1, Jean-Louis Sixou, Zohreh Tamanai-Shacoori

  • 1Equipe Microbiologie, UPRES-EA 1254, CHU Pontchaillou Rennes et Université de Rennes I, 2 avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France. anne.gougeon@univ-rennes1.fr

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
|January 26, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Capnocytophaga species, common in the mouth, can cause severe infections, especially in vulnerable individuals. Antibiotic susceptibility testing is crucial due to resistance, with certain treatments recommended for all infections.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Capnocytophaga species are commensal oropharyngeal bacteria.
  • They are associated with periodontal disease and infections from animal bites.
  • These bacteria can cause severe systemic infections in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathogenesis of Capnocytophaga infections.
  • To describe the clinical spectrum of infections caused by these bacteria.
  • To evaluate the susceptibility of Capnocytophaga to antibiotics and disinfectants.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Capnocytophaga pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and antimicrobial susceptibility.
  • Analysis of existing studies on treatment outcomes and resistance patterns.
  • Synthesis of data on effective therapeutic agents and disinfectant efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Beta-lactamase-producing Capnocytophaga strains are increasingly prevalent, limiting the utility of beta-lactam antibiotics.
  • In vitro susceptibility testing is essential for guiding treatment decisions.
  • Imipenem/cilastatin, clindamycin, and beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations demonstrate consistent efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of Capnocytophaga infections requires careful consideration of antibiotic resistance.
  • There is a need for standardized treatment guidelines and randomized studies.
  • Certain antimicrobial agents, including imipenem/cilastatin, clindamycin, and beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations, are recommended for empirical use.

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