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Related Concept Videos

Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
Sensory Memory01:14

Sensory Memory

Sensory memory captures information from the environment in its original form for a very brief duration, just long enough to be exposed to visual, auditory, and other senses. This type of memory is detailed and rich but quickly lost unless certain strategies are employed to transfer it into short-term or long-term memory. Sensory information is continuously bombarding the human brain, yet only a small fraction is absorbed, as most of it does not significantly impact daily life. For instance,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
06:04

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

Auditory sensory memory and working memory processes in children with normal hearing and cochlear implants.

D R Watson1, J Titterington, A Henry

  • 1Division of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK. d.r.watson@qub.ac.uk

Audiology & Neuro-Otology
|February 1, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Cochlear implants may alter language development in children with prelingual hearing loss. Auditory processing and verbal working memory links appear disrupted in implant users compared to hearing peers.

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Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
06:04

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

Cochlear Implant Surgery and Electrically-evoked Auditory Brainstem Response Recordings in C57BL/6 Mice
09:06

Cochlear Implant Surgery and Electrically-evoked Auditory Brainstem Response Recordings in C57BL/6 Mice

Published on: January 9, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Audiology
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Prelingual hearing impairment significantly impacts oral/aural language development.
  • Cochlear implantation aims to restore auditory input, but outcomes vary widely.
  • Automatic perceptual processing is increasingly studied to understand these variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between auditory sensory memory and verbal working memory in children with cochlear implants (CIs).
  • To compare these relationships in children with CIs to age-matched hearing controls.
  • To explore how early auditory deprivation and signal quality affect language development trajectories.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized mismatch negativity (MMN) to assess auditory sensory memory.
  • Employed verbal working memory assessments.
  • Compared MMN and working memory measures between CI users and hearing children.

Main Results:

  • Hearing children showed clear associations between mismatch activation and working memory.
  • This association was disrupted in children with cochlear implants.
  • Findings suggest altered developmental trajectories in CI users due to early auditory deprivation.

Conclusions:

  • Early auditory deprivation and degraded auditory signals may impact auditory processing mechanisms.
  • These changes can affect the development of oral/aural language skills in prelingually hearing-impaired children with CIs.
  • The study highlights potential disruptions in the developmental trajectory of language skills post-implantation.