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Inhibition of mushroom-tyrosinase by aloe extract

A Yagi1, T Kanbara, N Morinobu

  • 1Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-02, Japan.

Planta Medica
|December 1, 1987
PubMed

Insights

Aloe extracts, including 2''-O-Feruloylaloesin and aloesin, effectively inhibit mushroom-tyrosinase, a key enzyme in L-dopa oxidation. These compounds show non-competitive inhibition, with seasonal variations in their content.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Enzymology
  • Natural Product Chemistry

Background:

  • Tyrosinase enzymes catalyze the oxidation of L-dopa, a crucial step in melanin biosynthesis.
  • Mushroom-tyrosinase is a widely studied model enzyme for investigating tyrosinase inhibitors.
  • Aloe extracts are known for various bioactive compounds with potential enzymatic inhibitory properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the inhibitory effects of Aloe extracts on L-dopa oxidation by mushroom-tyrosinase.
  • To characterize the mode of inhibition of key Aloe compounds on mushroom-tyrosinase.
  • To analyze the seasonal variation of active compounds in Aloe extracts.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme inhibition assays using L-dopa as substrate and mushroom-tyrosinase.
  • Kinetic analysis using Lineweaver-Burk plots to determine inhibition type and constants.
  • Reversed-phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for quantification of active compounds.

Main Results:

  • Aloe extracts, specifically 2''-O-Feruloylaloesin and aloesin, demonstrated significant inhibition of mushroom-tyrosinase.
  • 2''-O-Feruloylaloesin exhibited non-competitive inhibition with a K(i) value of 8.5 x 10^-5 M at 0.4 and 0.8 microM concentrations.
  • Seasonal variations in the content of 2''-O-Feruloylaloesin and aloesin were observed in the analyzed Aloe extracts.

Conclusions:

  • 2''-O-Feruloylaloesin and aloesin are potent inhibitors of mushroom-tyrosinase, acting via a non-competitive mechanism.
  • The findings suggest potential applications of these Aloe compounds in controlling enzymatic browning or as therapeutic agents.
  • Understanding the seasonal variability of these compounds is important for consistent extraction and application.

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Enzyme Inhibition

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