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Related Experiment Videos

The Roach muscle bundle and umbilical cord coiling.

Monique W M de Laat1, Peter G J Nikkels, Arie Franx

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, University Medical Center, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands. mdelaat@dds.nl

Early Human Development
|February 6, 2007
PubMed
Summary

The Roach muscle, a small cord bundle, appears to contribute to umbilical cord coiling. However, other factors likely play a more significant role in determining coiling patterns.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Fetal Development

Background:

  • Umbilical cord coiling is a common feature of fetal development.
  • The factors influencing umbilical cord coiling are not fully understood.
  • The Roach muscle, a small muscle bundle near the umbilical artery, has been an area of interest.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the presence of the Roach muscle and umbilical cord coiling.
  • To determine if the Roach muscle influences the degree of umbilical cord coiling.

Main Methods:

  • Examined 251 umbilical cords for the presence of the Roach muscle.
  • Calculated the umbilical coiling index (UCI) for each cord.
  • Classified cords into hypocoiled, normocoiled, and hypercoiled categories based on UCI.

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  • Utilized t-tests and logistic regression for statistical analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • The Roach muscle was identified in 101 of the 251 examined cords.
    • Cords with the Roach muscle exhibited a higher mean UCI (0.23 coils/cm) compared to those without (0.18 coils/cm).
    • The odds ratio for hypercoiling was significantly higher (2.98) in the presence of the Roach muscle.

    Conclusions:

    • The presence of the Roach muscle bundle is suggested to contribute to umbilical cord coiling.
    • While the Roach muscle plays a role, other factors are likely more dominant in determining the extent of umbilical cord coiling.