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Microfluidic Preparation of Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Actuators

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Elastic actions exchanged by eccentric cylinders in liquid crystals.

Riccardo Rosso¹, Epifanio G Virga, Samo Kralj

¹Dipartimento di Matematica and CNISM, Università di Pavia, via Ferrata 1, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|February 7, 2007

Summary

This study investigates nematic liquid crystal equilibria in eccentric cylinders. A complex 3D configuration can be more stable than a planar one, especially when the outer boundary approaches a plane.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Fluid Dynamics

Background:

Nematic liquid crystals exhibit complex behavior when confined.
Understanding confined liquid crystal equilibria is crucial for device applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the equilibrium configurations of nematic liquid crystals confined between two eccentric cylinders.
To determine the stability of planar versus three-dimensional configurations.
To compute the mechanical forces exerted by the liquid crystal on the bounding cylinders.

Main Methods:

A purely director approach was employed to model the liquid crystal.
Equilibrium configurations were analyzed, comparing planar and non-planar solutions.
A stability diagram was constructed based on cylinder radii ratio and axis distance.

Main Results:

A three-dimensional equilibrium configuration competes with and can be more stable than a planar one.
The non-planar minimizer exhibits a more complex structure than previously described.
The planar configuration is not the absolute minimizer when the outer cylinder becomes a plane wall.
Mechanical actions transmitted by the liquid crystal were computed and compared.

Conclusions:

The geometry of confinement significantly influences nematic liquid crystal equilibrium states.
The director approach reveals complexities in non-planar configurations.
Results provide insights into the mechanical interactions at the boundaries.