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Related Experiment Videos

Nonequilibrium quantum criticality in open electronic systems.

Aditi Mitra1, So Takei, Yong Baek Kim

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada.

Physical Review Letters
|February 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study explores quantum criticality in magnets open to their environment and driven by electrical current. It reveals that current-driven phase transitions exhibit similar critical behaviors to conventional thermal transitions.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Magnetism
  • Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics

Background:

  • Quantum criticality describes phase transitions at absolute zero temperature.
  • Open quantum systems interact with their environment, influencing their behavior.
  • Itinerant-electron magnets exhibit complex magnetic properties due to electron interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a theory for quantum criticality in open itinerant-electron magnets.
  • To investigate departures from equilibrium at quantum critical points.
  • To analyze phase transitions induced by non-equilibrium current flow.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of open quantum systems.
  • Analysis of quantum criticality under non-equilibrium conditions.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigation of current-driven phase transitions in magnets.

    • Main Results:

    • A theory for quantum criticality in open itinerant-electron magnets is presented.
    • Departures from equilibrium at conventional quantum critical points are analyzed.
    • Nonequilibrium-induced phase transitions are shown to share leading critical behavior with thermal transitions.

    Conclusions:

    • Non-equilibrium conditions, like current flow, can drive phase transitions in magnets.
    • The critical behavior of these non-equilibrium transitions mirrors that of equilibrium thermal transitions.
    • This work provides insights into the physics of quantum criticality in driven open systems.