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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
Published on: June 28, 2018
Spectroscopic Demarcation of Emergent Photons and Spinons in a Dipolar-Octupolar Quantum Spin Liquid
Bin Gao1,2, Zhengbang Zhou3, Tingjun Zhang1,2,4
1Rice University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
Abstract:
The identification of fractionalized excitations in quantum spin liquids (QSLs) remains a central challenge in condensed matter physics. In dipolar-octupolar (DO) pyrochlores, such as Ce_{2}Zr_{2}O_{7}, the candidate π-flux quantum spin ice (QSI) state is predicted to host both gapless emergent photons and a continuum of spinons. However, resolving these modes at zero field is complicated by their spectral overlap and the presence of nonmagnetic scattering near zero energy. Here, we report neutron scattering experiments on Ce_{2}Zr_{2}O_{7} under a magnetic field along the [1, 1, 1] direction. In contrast to previous unpolarized studies at zero field that relied on high-temperature subtraction, we use a same-temperature high-field subtraction protocol to isolate the photon and spinon modes. Leveraging the selective coupling of the magnetic field to the dipolar degrees of freedom, we demonstrate the spectroscopic demarcation of these excitations. We observe that weak fields (≈0.15 T) suppress the low-energy photon weight while leaving the high-energy spinon continuum robust, albeit hardened. Our results, supported by gauge mean-field theory and exact diagonalization calculations, provide strong evidence for the π-flux QSI state and introduce a powerful field-tuning protocol for investigating DO-QSLs.
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