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Updated: Jul 17, 2026
Isolation, Characterization and Functional Examination of the Gingival Immune Cell Network
Published on: February 16, 2016
Changes in gingival crevicular fluid interleukin-4 and interferon-gamma in patients with chronic periodontitis before
Chi-Cheng Tsai1, Chia-Hsin Ku, Ya-Ping Ho
1Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, and Department of Periodontics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. chchts@kmu.edu.tw
Abstract:
Cytokines are pivotal to the immune response of chronic periodontitis. The present study investigated the changes of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in patients with chronic periodontitis before and after initial nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). GCF was collected from 17 patients by means of Periopaper at baseline and 1 month after NSPT. IL-4 and IFN-gamma were measured by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. NSPT resulted in decreased total amount of IFN-gamma, increased concentration of IL-4, and increased ratio of IL-4 to IFN-gamma levels. We suggest that a low ratio of IL-4 to IFN-gamma levels might be involved in the destruction (diseased sites) of periodontal tissue, whereas an increased ratio of IL-4 to IFN-gamma levels could be related to the improvement of clinical periodontal health.
