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Second bone marrow transplants for relapsed leukemia.

J A Spinolo1, J C Yau, K A Dicke

  • 1M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Cancer
|January 15, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Second marrow transplants can help patients with relapsed disease, even after initial short remissions. Some patients achieve long-term survival and disease eradication, demonstrating the benefit of repeat transplantation.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Transplantation Immunology

Background:

  • Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a curative therapy for various hematologic malignancies.
  • Relapse after HSCT remains a significant challenge, necessitating alternative treatment strategies.
  • Second HSCT is an option for eligible patients who relapse post-transplant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and outcomes of second HSCT in patients experiencing relapse after initial marrow transplantation.
  • To assess survival rates, remission status, and long-term disease control following second HSCT.
  • To identify factors influencing outcomes in patients undergoing repeat transplantation.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 17 patients who received a second HSCT after relapse.

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  • Patients included those with allogeneic and syngeneic transplants.
  • Disease status (remission vs. active disease) at the time of second transplant was recorded.

    • Main Results:

    • Median survival post-second HSCT was 9 months.
    • Six of nine patients with active disease at transplant achieved complete remission.
    • Three patients remain alive and disease-free at 37+, 55+, and 61+ months.

    Conclusions:

    • Second HSCT can be effective in eradicating disease resistant to prior treatments.
    • Repeat transplantation can lead to long-term survival and durable remissions in select patients.
    • Patients may benefit from second HSCT even if the first transplant resulted in a short remission.