Ion recognition properties of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs)

In the search for new sensors, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have gained intensive interest due to their nanometre size, highly-ordered structures, and molecular recognition properties. This article presents an overview of ion recognition at SAM-modified surface/solution interfaces, and brings up to date the most notable examples for the sensing of cations and anions. Sensing is achieved with SAMs containing redox active and inactive receptors using techniques such as fluorescence spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.