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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Indirect Immunofluorescence on Frozen Sections of Mouse Mammary Gland

Indirect Immunofluorescence on Frozen Sections of Mouse Mammary Gland

Published on: December 1, 2015

The declining phase of lactation: peripheral or central, programmed or pathological?

Darryl Hadsell¹, Jessy George, Daniel Torres

¹USDA Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates St., Houston, TX 77030, USA. dhadsell@bcm.tmc.edu

Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia

|February 9, 2007

Summary

Mammary gland milk production follows a biphasic pattern, increasing to a peak then declining. This review explores potential mechanisms, termed secretory diminution, that regulate this decrease in milk synthesis capacity during lactation.

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Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Indirect Immunofluorescence on Frozen Sections of Mouse Mammary Gland

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Published on: December 1, 2015

Using Chronic Social Stress to Model Postpartum Depression in Lactating Rodents

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Published on: June 10, 2013

Recapitulating Suckling-to-Weaning Transition In Vitro using Fetal Intestinal Organoids

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Published on: November 15, 2019

Area of Science:

Reproductive Biology
Mammalian Physiology
Biochemistry

Background:

Mammary gland function during lactation exhibits a biphasic pattern: initial increase in milk output followed by a decline.
This decline in milk production occurs despite continued suckling stimulus and complete milk removal, indicating intrinsic regulatory mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current understanding of factors regulating mammary gland milk synthesis capacity throughout the lactation cycle.
To explore potential mechanisms contributing to the decrease in milk production, referred to as secretory diminution.

Main Methods:

Literature review of existing research on mammary gland lactation and milk synthesis regulation.
Analysis and synthesis of proposed mechanisms for secretory diminution.

Main Results:

The lactation cycle is characterized by secretory activation, peak production, and subsequent decline in milk output.
Four potential, non-mutually exclusive mechanisms for secretory diminution are proposed as contributing factors to the decline in milk synthesis capacity.

Conclusions:

Understanding the regulation of milk synthesis capacity is crucial for comprehending lactation dynamics.
The proposed mechanisms of secretory diminution offer potential explanations for the natural decrease in milk production during lactation.