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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Assessment of Stress Effects on Cognitive Flexibility using an Operant Strategy Shifting Paradigm

Assessment of Stress Effects on Cognitive Flexibility using an Operant Strategy Shifting Paradigm

Published on: May 4, 2020

Behavioral control, the medial prefrontal cortex, and resilience.

Steven F Maier¹, Jose Amat, Michael V Baratta

¹Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Colorado 80309-0345, USA. steven.maier@colorado.edu

Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience

|February 13, 2007

Summary

Control over stressors actively inhibits their impact, mediated by the ventral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFCv). Prior control experience enhances resilience by altering mPFCv responses to subsequent stressors.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Stress Physiology
Behavioral Biology

Background:

Uncontrollable stressors have detrimental effects not seen with controllable stressors.
Previous research assumed uncontrollability actively worsens stress responses.
This study proposes that control actively inhibits stress impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the neural mechanisms by which behavioral control inhibits stress.
To explore the role of the ventral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFCv) in stress control.
To understand how prior control experience confers resilience.

Main Methods:

Behavioral paradigms assessing control over stressors.
Neuroimaging or electrophysiological techniques to monitor brain activity.
Pharmacological or genetic manipulations targeting the mPFCv.

Main Results:

Behavioral control is detected by the ventral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFCv).
mPFCv activation inhibits stress-induced responses in brain stem and limbic areas.
Prior experience with control induces resilience by altering mPFCv responses.

Conclusions:

Control actively inhibits stress, rather than uncontrollability solely potentiating it.
The mPFCv is a critical neural substrate for the inhibitory effects of control.
Experience with control can establish lasting resilience mechanisms.