Minute depressed-type submucosal invasive cancer-5 mm in diameter with intermediate lymph-node metastasis: report of...

We report a rare case of colon cancer in which a depressed-type tumor only 5 mm in diameter invaded the submucosal layer and produced intermediate lymph node metastasis. A 47-year-old male received a total colonoscopy for a depressed-type lesion with marginal elevation in the sigmoid colon. The lesion measured 5 mm in diameter. On chromoendoscopic examination, the depression was clearly demarcated and an irregular pit pattern was identified in the demarcated area by magnification suggesting invasion of the submucosal layer requiring surgery. Laparoscopic-assisted sigmoidectomy was performed and the resected specimen demonstrated well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. The depth of invasion was only 900 microm. There was no lymphovascular invasion although not only paracolic, but also intermediate lymph node metastasis was detected. There have been some reports about small depressed-type colorectal cancer invading the submucosal layer; however, intermediate LN metastasis is very rare in submucosal colorectal cancer. In this case, there were two noteworthy points: 1) despite the small size, submucosal invasion could be estimated preoperatively, therefore, a successful lymph node dissection was performed by laparoscopic surgery; and 2) although this depressed-type cancer invaded the submucosal layer only 900 microm and there was no lymphovascular invasion, intermediate lymph node metastasis was detected.