Icodextrin peritoneal transport in vitro: effect of sodium deoxycholate, glucose, and methylglyoxal

The aim of the in vitro studies was to examine the effect of sodium deoxycholate, glucose, and methylglyoxal on icodextrin peritoneal transfer. The rabbit peritoneum in a modified Ussing chamber was an experimental model. Transport and morphometric analyses were performed. In the first of them, the icodextrin (7.5 g/dL) diffusion from the mesothelial to the interstitial side of the membrane, expressed as a diffusive permeability coefficient (P), was evaluated in the control stage, after chemical modification of the membrane using sodium deoxycholate (104 mg/dL), after the addition of glucose (1.8 g/dL) and methylglyoxal (1 mg/dL), in the separate experimental series. In the second morphometric studies, the thickness and transverse cross-section surface area of native tissue, in 75 min of experiment and after application of sodium deoxycholate, were investigated. In the control conditions, the rate of glucose polymer passage remained constant. A mean value of P +/- SD was 0.194 +/- 0.126 (x10(-4), cm/s) during 120 min of the study. The transfer of icodextrin was enhanced by 224% after 3 min of incubation of the peritoneum with sodium deoxycholate. The introduction of glucose into the circulating medium with icodextrin caused the increase of P values for glucose polymer by 94% during 60 min. In the same conditions, the usage of methylglyoxal did not change transport parameters. Both thickness and transverse cross-section surface area of the native tissue in 75 min of the study did not differ. It was 4.87 microm and 12.50 x 10(2) microm(2) for the mesothelial layer, and 63.83 microm and 208.10 x 10(2) microm(2) for the whole peritoneal membrane. The application of sodium deoxycholate caused the decrease of mesothelium thickness by 20% but the increase of thickness and transverse cross-section surface area of the peritoneum by 37% in comparison with 75 min of experiment. In conclusion, sodium deoxycholate and glucose, but not methylglyoxal, intensify peritoneal transport of icodextrin in vitro. These modifications are probably connected with the exfoliation of the mesothelium and looseness of the interstitium caused by sodium deoxycholate as well as the physical and metabolic influence of glucose on the peritoneum.