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Published on: April 5, 2018
Epigenetics in development.
1Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA. jkiefer@neuro.utah.edu
Summary
Epigenetics controls development through DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromosomal interactions. These epigenetic mechanisms regulate crucial developmental processes like X-inactivation and neuronal development.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Epigenetics, the study of heritable gene function changes without altering DNA sequence, is increasingly recognized as a key regulator of development.
- Established epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and histone exchange, which alter chromatin structure and gene expression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a brief overview of epigenetic control in development.
- To highlight recent findings on long-distance chromosomal interactions in gene expression.
- To discuss the role of epigenetics in key developmental events.
Main Methods:
- Review of established epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation, histone modifications, histone exchange).
- Introduction of novel mechanisms involving long-distance chromosomal interactions.
- Discussion of epigenetic regulation in specific developmental contexts.
Main Results:
- Epigenetic modifications are fundamental to regulating gene expression during development.
- Long-distance chromosomal interactions represent a new frontier in epigenetic regulation.
- Epigenetic mechanisms are critical for processes such as X-inactivation, genomic imprinting, Hox gene patterning, and neuronal development.
Conclusions:
- Epigenetic control is integral to normal development.
- Understanding diverse epigenetic mechanisms, including chromosomal interactions, is crucial for developmental biology.
- This primer offers insights into the multifaceted roles of epigenetics in development.
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X-chromosome...
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