Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 16, 2026

In Situ Neutron Powder Diffraction Using Custom-made Lithium-ion Batteries
Published on: November 10, 2014
Li+ ionic diffusion and vacancy ordering in beta-LiGa
Koichi Nakamura1, Keisuke Motoki, Yoshitaka Michihiro
1Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Tokushima, Tokushinma 770-8506, Japan. koichi@pm.tokushima-u.ac.jp
Abstract:
7Li and 71Ga NMR measurements have been performed to study the Li+ ionic motion and vacancy ordering in the lithium semimetal beta-LiGa. The temperature dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation rate, T1(-1) of the 7Li nuclei in the 50 atom% Li sample shows an asymmetric broad peak around 175 K and is interpreted in terms of fast Li ionic diffusion. The activation energy of hopping is estimated as 0.11 eV using a non-Debye type relaxation model. In the temperature dependence of T1(-1) of the 7Li nuclei in 44 and 47 atom% Li samples, steep peaks are observed at 225 and 195 K, respectively. The origin of these anomalous peaks is attributed to the order-disorder transformation of Li+ vacancies. The temperature dependence of T1(-1) of the 71Ga nuclei measured above 200 K is interpreted in terms of the relaxation originating from the fluctuation of the electric field gradient at the 71Ga nuclei due to mobile Li+ ions. The activation energy for the Li+ ionic diffusion estimated from T1(-1) of the 71Ga nuclei is comparable with that obtained from T1(-1) of the 7Li nuclei.
More Related Videos
11:14Comprehensive Characterization of Extended Defects in Semiconductor Materials by a Scanning Electron Microscope
Published on: May 28, 2016
07:24Quantitative Atomic-Site Analysis of Functional Dopants/Point Defects in Crystalline Materials by Electron-Channeling-Enhanced Microanalysis
Published on: May 10, 2021
Related Concept Videos
Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects
Lattice Energies of Ionic Crystals
Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge
Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer
Ionic Association
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...