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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Passive Administration of Monoclonal Antibodies Against H. capsulatum and Others Fungal Pathogens

Passive Administration of Monoclonal Antibodies Against H. capsulatum and Others Fungal Pathogens

Published on: February 14, 2011

Managing systemic light-chain amyloidosis.

Raymond L Comenzo¹

¹Hematology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA. comenzor@mskcc.org

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN

|March 6, 2007

Summary

Immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis (AL) is a rare plasma cell disorder. Effective therapies target free light chains (FLC) to restore organ function and improve survival, with new agents showing promise.

Area of Science:

Hematology
Oncology
Rare Diseases

Background:

Amyloidosis involves abnormal protein deposits compromising organ function.
Immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis (AL) is the most common type, stemming from plasma cell dyscrasia.
Hereditary amyloidosis involves mutant proteins like transthyretin.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current understanding and treatment of amyloidosis, particularly AL amyloidosis.
To highlight the role of free light-chain (FLC) assays in diagnosis and monitoring.
To discuss therapeutic strategies for eliminating amyloid-forming precursors and restoring organ function.

Main Methods:

Measurement of circulating monoclonal Ig light chains using the free light-chain (FLC) assay.
Treatment protocols including intravenous melphalan with stem cell support (SCT) and oral melphalan/dexamethasone.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Passive Administration of Monoclonal Antibodies Against H. capsulatum and Others Fungal Pathogens

Passive Administration of Monoclonal Antibodies Against H. capsulatum and Others Fungal Pathogens

Published on: February 14, 2011

Evaluation of response rates and long-term outcomes.

Main Results:

Intravenous melphalan with SCT achieved a 77% 1-year hematologic response rate.
Oral melphalan/dexamethasone showed a 67% response rate in patients ineligible for SCT.
Hematologic complete responses are generally durable, leading to improved survival and organ recovery.

Conclusions:

Eliminating the amyloid-forming precursor FLC is crucial for amyloid resorption and organ function restoration.
Established therapies like melphalan-based regimens are effective, with new agents showing promise.
Prognosis remains guarded for patients with advanced cardiac involvement, necessitating ongoing research into novel treatments.