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Related Concept Videos

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration01:27

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration

Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
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Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
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Expression and Purification of the Human Lipid-sensitive Cation Channel TRPC3 for Structural Determination by Single-particle Cryo-electron Microscopy
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TRPC1: the link between functionally distinct store-operated calcium channels.

Indu S Ambudkar1, Hwei Ling Ong, Xibao Liu

  • 1Secretory Physiology Section, GTTB, NIDCR, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. indu.ambudkar@nih.gov

Cell Calcium
|March 14, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) involves TRPC1, STIM1, and Orai1 proteins. TRPC1 acts as a molecular link, forming diverse SOC channels and connecting store depletion to channel regulation.

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Single-Cell Calcium Imaging for Studying the Activation of Calcium Ion Channels
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Single-Cell Calcium Imaging for Studying the Activation of Calcium Ion Channels

Published on: December 13, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Physiology
  • Ion Channel Function

Background:

  • Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) is crucial for cellular signaling but its molecular mechanisms remain challenging.
  • Transient Receptor Potential Canonical (TRPC) proteins, particularly TRPC1, are implicated as key components of SOC channels.
  • Stromal Interacting Molecule (STIM) and Orai proteins have emerged as critical regulators of SOCE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse SOC channels formed by TRPC1.
  • To explore the role of TRPC1 as a molecular link in store-dependent calcium regulation.
  • To discuss the interplay between TRPC1, STIM1, and Orai1 in SOCE.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on SOCE molecular components.
  • Analysis of experimental evidence implicating TRPC1, STIM1, and Orai1.
  • Synthesis of proposed models for SOCE regulation.

Main Results:

  • TRPC1 is a strong candidate for SOC channel components and forms diverse channels through heteromeric interactions.
  • STIM1 acts as the ER calcium sensor, and Orai1 forms the pore of CRAC channels.
  • TRPC1 associates with both STIM1 and Orai1, forming a ternary complex that contributes to SOC channel function.

Conclusions:

  • TRPC1 plays a central role in SOCE, potentially acting as a molecular link that dictates regulation by store depletion.
  • Similar molecular components, including TRPC1, STIM1, and Orai1, regulate both SOC and CRAC channels.
  • Understanding the TRPC1-STIM1-Orai1 complex is key to deciphering SOCE mechanisms.