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Extreme hypernatraemia: a case report and brief review
Anthony D Holley1, Stuart Green, Peter Davoren
1Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Gold Coast Hospital, Southport, QLD, Australia. anthony_holley@health.qld.gov.au
Summary
This case study reports a unique survival of extreme hypernatraemia (208mmol/L) in a 44-year-old man. Multifactorial causes including essential hypernatraemia, hypodipsia, and high temperatures contributed to this critical condition.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
- Neurology
Background:
- Extreme hypernatraemia, characterized by elevated plasma sodium levels, poses significant clinical challenges.
- Disorders affecting thirst regulation and osmoreception can lead to severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
Observation:
- A 44-year-old male patient presented with a plasma sodium concentration of 208 mmol/L, an exceptionally high level.
- The aetiology was multifactorial, involving essential hypernatraemia, hypodipsia (reduced thirst), and high ambient temperatures.
Findings:
- The patient survived this life-threatening hypernatraemic state.
- Full neurological recovery was achieved despite the extreme plasma sodium concentration.
Implications:
- This case highlights the complex interplay of factors contributing to severe hypernatraemia.
- Understanding disorders of thirst and osmoreceptors is crucial for managing such critical conditions and improving patient outcomes.
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