Fetal magnetic resonance imaging: a review

Area of Science:

• Medical Imaging
• Fetal Medicine
• Radiology

Background:

• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology has advanced significantly.
• Increased utilization of MRI in fetal medicine is observed.
• Ultrasound has limitations in diagnosing certain fetal malformations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe advances in MRI technology relevant to fetal medicine.
• To outline current indications and advantages of MRI in prenatal diagnosis.
• To highlight the growing use of MRI in managing fetal conditions.

Main Methods:

• Review of current magnetic resonance imaging technology and applications.
• Analysis of diagnostic advantages of MRI for fetal malformations.
• Examination of MRI's role in diagnosing central nervous system and non-central nervous system abnormalities.

Main Results:

• MRI demonstrates advantages in diagnosing fetal malformations, especially central nervous system (CNS) malformations like migration and developmental anomalies.
• MRI effectively identifies non-CNS lesions including chest abnormalities, abdominal wall defects, and fetal neoplasms.
• The technology aids in diagnosing placental abnormalities and maternal factors impacting pregnancy.

Conclusions:

• Magnetic resonance imaging significantly enhances prenatal diagnosis and management of congenital abnormalities.
• MRI provides greater accuracy in diagnosing placental abnormalities.
• Advanced MRI techniques are crucial for comprehensive fetal assessment.