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Oscillations in the immune system.

Jaroslav Stark1, Cliburn Chan, Andrew J T George

  • 1Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, UK. jaroslav.stark@imperial.ac.uk

Immunological Reviews
|March 21, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Immune system oscillations, seen in health and disease, are often overlooked. This study introduces theoretical frameworks to understand their causes and significance in immunology.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Systems Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Oscillations are prevalent in the immune system, manifesting in both healthy and diseased states, including periodic fevers and cytokine fluctuations.
  • Intracellular oscillations, such as calcium oscillations in T-cells and reactive oxygen species oscillations in neutrophils, are well-documented phenomena.
  • Despite numerous examples, immune system oscillations are often misconstrued as pathological, with their underlying mechanisms and importance remaining largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an introduction to theoretical frameworks for analyzing immune system oscillations.
  • To survey the currently known oscillations within the immune system.
  • To enhance awareness and understanding of the significance of immune system oscillations.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Literature review of reported immune system oscillations.
  • Introduction to theoretical frameworks for analyzing oscillatory behavior.
  • Synthesis of examples of oscillations at systemic and cellular levels.

Main Results:

  • Oscillations are a widespread phenomenon in the immune system, occurring at various levels from cellular to systemic.
  • Examples include periodic fevers, cytokine concentration changes, calcium oscillations, reactive oxygen species oscillations, and nuclear factor kappaB activity fluctuations.
  • A lack of theoretical frameworks has hindered the understanding of these oscillatory behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • Immune system oscillations are common and significant, not merely pathological aberrations.
  • Understanding theoretical frameworks is crucial for analyzing and interpreting immune system dynamics.
  • Further research into the causes and significance of these oscillations is warranted.