[Adverse effects of BCG revaccination: 12 cases]

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Infectious Diseases
• Vaccinology

Context:

• Calmette-Guérin bacillus (BCG) is a live attenuated strain used for tuberculosis vaccination.
• Adverse effects from BCG vaccination, though rare, can occur, particularly with overdose or improper technique.
• Complications following BCG revaccination have been reported, necessitating further investigation into their mechanisms and management.

Purpose:

• To investigate the complications arising from revaccination with BCG.
• To analyze the clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes of patients experiencing adverse events after BCG revaccination.
• To discuss potential physiopathological mechanisms and treatment strategies for BCG revaccination complications.

Summary:

• A retrospective study observed 12 patients with complications after BCG revaccination over five years.
• Complications included subcutaneous abscesses, chronic ulcers, and humeral osteitis, often linked to incorrect vaccine dosage (1 ml) or deep subcutaneous injection.
• Six patients received specific therapy for six months, with varying outcomes, indicating a need for standardized treatment protocols.

Impact:

• The findings underscore the risks associated with BCG revaccination, particularly concerning technical errors in administration.
• This study contributes to understanding the adverse event profile of BCG revaccination, informing clinical practice and public health recommendations.
• The research highlights the importance of adhering to proper vaccination techniques and dosage to minimize BCG-related complications.