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Related Concept Videos

Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or playing an...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Advancing Dyslexia Assessment in Children Through Computerized Testing
09:00

Advancing Dyslexia Assessment in Children Through Computerized Testing

Published on: August 16, 2024

Dyslexia, learning, and pedagogical neuroscience.

Angela J Fawcett1, Roderick I Nicolson

  • 1Centre for Child Research, University of Wales, Swansea, UK. a.j.fawcett@swansea.ac.uk

Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
|March 23, 2007
PubMed
Summary

The new field of pedagogical neuroscience integrates brain science with education to better understand learning disabilities like dyslexia. This approach aims to improve diagnosis and treatment by focusing on brain-based causes rather than just symptoms.

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Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Advancing Dyslexia Assessment in Children Through Computerized Testing
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Published on: August 16, 2024

Assessing Dyslexia at Six Year of Age
15:00

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Published on: May 1, 2020

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
12:55

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties

Published on: September 27, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Education
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Neuroscientific advancements offer new insights into educational practices.
  • Current approaches to learning disabilities lack consensus on causes, diagnosis, and treatment.
  • Diagnosis based solely on behavioral or cognitive symptoms can be insufficient due to diverse underlying causes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Advocate for the establishment of a new interdisciplinary field: pedagogical neuroscience.
  • Propose using specific learning disabilities, such as developmental dyslexia, as a focus for this new discipline.
  • Highlight the need for improved diagnostic and treatment methods for learning disabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Integrating psychological, medical, and educational perspectives.
  • Examining developmental dyslexia as a case study.
  • Analyzing the limitations of current symptom-based diagnostic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Current diagnostic methods for learning disabilities are inadequate due to symptom variability.
  • Variability in symptoms can provide valuable information for diagnosis and treatment.
  • Brain-based theories necessitate a fundamental shift in diagnostic strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Pedagogical neuroscience is essential for bridging neuroscience and education.
  • Developing genetic and brain-based diagnostic tools is crucial.
  • Individually-tailored remediation and treatment methods are needed for learning disabilities.