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Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) Microscopy Visualizes Pharmaceutical Tablets During Dissolution
Published on: July 4, 2014
Development of in situ ion selective sensors for dissolution
Hugo Bohets1, Koen Vanhoutte, Roy De Maesschalck
1Antwerp University, Chemistry Department, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium.
A novel potentiometric system with gradient membrane electrodes accurately measures drug dissolution. This universal electrode system offers high precision for various drugs, even in complex media.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Materials Science
- Pharmaceutical Science
Background:
- Traditional drug dissolution testing methods can be time-consuming and lack real-time monitoring capabilities.
- Developing advanced analytical techniques is crucial for efficient pharmaceutical formulation analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a novel in-line potentiometric measurement system for drug dissolution testing.
- To assess the performance of a newly designed gradient membrane electrode for universal drug analysis.
Main Methods:
- Utilized an in-line potentiometric measurement system with a novel gradient membrane electrode.
- Employed a Nikolskii-Eisenman type function for potential-to-dissolution percentage conversion.
- Developed a universal electrode prepared via ion exchange for broad drug applicability.
Main Results:
- The system achieved accurate measurements (1% accuracy) for high log P drugs across concentrations from 10⁻⁹ to 10⁻³ M.
- Demonstrated high reproducibility (0.6% inter- and 1.7% intra-electrode variability) and linearity.
- Successfully applied the electrodes in colloidal media typical of tablet dissolution.
Conclusions:
- The developed potentiometric system offers a precise, reproducible, and versatile alternative for drug dissolution testing.
- Gradient membrane electrodes show significant advantages over existing techniques for analyzing various pharmaceutical formulations.
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