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Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis
Published on: June 3, 2016
Nutritional regulation of adipose tissue apolipoprotein E expression
Zhi Hua Huang1, Raul M Luque, Rhonda D Kineman
1Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (MC 797), University of Illinois at Chicago, 1819 W. Polk St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
|March 29, 2007
Summary
Obesity reduces adipose tissue apolipoprotein E (apoE) expression, while fasting and weight loss increase it. These changes impact lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis.
Area of Science:
- Metabolic research
- Lipid metabolism
- Adipose tissue biology
Background:
- Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is highly expressed in adipose tissue and influences lipid metabolism.
- Endogenous apoE in adipocytes affects triglyceride turnover and gene expression related to lipid synthesis and oxidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the regulation of adipose tissue apoE expression by nutritional status in lean and obese mice.
- To understand the role of apoE in energy homeostasis in response to nutritional changes.
Main Methods:
- Studied apoE protein and mRNA levels in adipose tissue of mice under different nutritional conditions (high-fat diet, ob/ob mice, fasting, caloric restriction).
- Utilized adipose tissue transplantation in ob/ob mice to assess the role of leptin.
- Analyzed changes in response to weight loss and fasting protocols.
Main Results:
- Obesity (high-fat diet or ob/ob model) significantly reduced adipose tissue apoE expression at both protein and mRNA levels.
- Fasting (24-48 hours) and caloric restriction (7 days) significantly increased adipose tissue apoE expression in mice.
- Adipose tissue transplantation in ob/ob mice led to weight loss and increased apoE expression, independent of leptin.
Conclusions:
- Nutritional status dynamically regulates adipose tissue apoE expression.
- Obesity suppresses apoE, while fasting and weight loss enhance it, suggesting a role in maintaining energy balance.
- Changes in apoE expression likely impact adipose tissue lipid flux, lipoprotein metabolism, and overall energy homeostasis.
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