Adenovirus capsid chimeras: fiber terminal exon insertions/gene replacements in the major late transcription unit

The adenovirus major late transcription unit (MLTU) encodes the main structural capsid proteins. Expression from the MLTU is accomplished through alternative mRNA processing and use of a terminal exon coding strategy. The capsid proteins hexon, penton, and fiber contribute to efficient infection by adenovirus, and each contributes in some manner to the antiviral immune response against adenovirus infection. The ability to manipulate these genes affords one the opportunity to "detarget" adenovirus, to retarget adenovirus, and to alter immune recognition. In this chapter, we are presenting a terminal exon-replacement strategy that can be used to genetically manipulate capsid proteins expressed from the MLTU. An emphasis will be placed on manipulations of fiber as an intact terminal exon.