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Testes: Histology

Testes: Histology

A tough, fibrous membrane, the tunica albuginea, covers the testes, extending inward to form fibrous partitions or septa, dividing them into internal compartments called lobules. Each lobule has 1 to 3 tightly coiled seminiferous tubules where sperm production occurs. These tubules merge into a tubular network at the back of the testis, known as the rete testis. It connects to 15 to 20 efferent ductules, leading to the epididymis.
The spermatogenic cells, responsible for producing sperm, are...

Testes: Gross Anatomy

Testes: Gross Anatomy

The testes, also known as testicles, are the male gonads. They are housed within the scrotum, a sac-like structure located beneath the penis. The scrotum's primary role is to regulate the temperature of the testes, which is crucial for sperm production.
Each testis is surrounded by the tunica albuginea, a dense connective tissue layer that provides structural support and protection. This layer is covered by an outer serous membrane called the tunica vaginalis, which helps reduce friction...

Sperm Transport

Sperm Transport

The journey of sperm from its origin to the point of ejaculation begins within the seminiferous tubules of the testis. Here, Sertoli cells produce fluid that propels non-motile sperm through a series of conduits, starting with the straight tubules leading to the rete testis. This interconnected network of tubules acts as the initial pathway for sperm, guiding them into the efferent ductules and then into the epididymis for maturation.
The maturation phase occurs in the epididymis, where sperm...

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male reproductive...

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is a complex process that involves the development of sperm cells from undifferentiated stem cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. The process is essential for the production of mature and functional sperm cells that are capable of fertilizing an egg.
The process of spermatogenesis can be divided into mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. During mitosis, the spermatogonia or stem cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells, type A and B spermatogonia. Type-A...

Development of the Sexual Organs in the Embryo and Fetus

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Development of the reproductive organs in an embryo starts from a bipotential state. This means the early embryo can develop either male or female reproductive organs. The formation of these organs begins with the growth of gonadal ridges that arise from the intermediate mesoderm during the fifth week of development.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Teratoma Generation in the Testis Capsule

Teratoma Generation in the Testis Capsule

Published on: November 7, 2011

Seminoma in undescended testis.

Yun Jung Lim¹, Myeong Ja Jeong, Byung Noe Bae

¹Deparment of Radiology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 761-1 Sanggye 7-dong Nowon-gu, Seoul, South Korea.

Abdominal Imaging

|April 3, 2007

Summary

Diagnosis of testicular carcinoma in undescended testes is challenging. Identifying the pampiniform plexus draining the mass is key for accurate diagnosis of this rare condition.

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Transillumination-Assisted Dissection of Specific Stages of the Mouse Seminiferous Epithelial Cycle for Downstream Immunostaining Analyses

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Area of Science:

Urology
Oncology
Radiology

Background:

Undescended testes (cryptorchidism) increase the risk of testicular cancer.
Intraabdominal testicular tumors can be mistaken for other retroperitoneal or mesenteric masses.

Observation:

A case of seminoma was identified in an intraabdominal undescended testis.
The tumor was observed to drain into the pampiniform plexus.

Findings:

The pampiniform plexus draining the intraabdominal mass was identified.
Thrombus formation was noted within the pampiniform plexus.

Implications:

Identifying the pampiniform plexus is crucial for diagnosing testicular carcinoma in undescended testes.
This finding aids in differentiating testicular tumors from other abdominal masses.