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Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing

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Dynamic pharyngeal collapse in racehorses.

A G Boyle¹, B B Martin, E J Davidson

¹Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 382 W Street Road, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania 19348, USA.

Equine Veterinary Journal. Supplement

|April 4, 2007

Summary

Dynamic pharyngeal collapse (PC) in racehorses significantly impacts earnings, especially in older horses and those with grade 3 PC. This condition often leads to decreased oxygenation, affecting athletic performance and career longevity.

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Area of Science:

Equine Sports Medicine
Veterinary Internal Medicine
Equine Surgery

Background:

Dynamic pharyngeal collapse (PC) is a significant cause of career-ending performance issues in racehorses.
Understanding the severity and impact of PC is crucial for prognosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a grading system for dynamic pharyngeal collapse (PC) in racehorses.
To evaluate the effect of PC on athletic performance and earnings.
To analyze physiological parameters in horses with PC.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of 828 equine medical records, identifying 49 cases of PC.
Grading of PC severity (0-4) and upper airway obstruction using video-endoscopy during exercise.
Comparison of pre- and post-diagnosis earnings per race and performance index (PI).
Analysis of exercising arterial blood gases (PaO2, PaCO2).

Main Results:

Thoroughbreds (80%) and Standardbreds (20%) were affected, with 73% having a history of upper respiratory noise.
PC grading revealed a high prevalence of moderate to severe collapse (grades 3 and 4 in 73% of cases).
Significant decreases in earnings per race were observed in horses aged ≥4 years and those with grade 3 PC; PI showed no significant change.
Abnormal blood gas values (decreased PaO2, elevated PaCO2) were noted in a subset of horses.

Conclusions:

A classification system for dynamic pharyngeal collapse was established.
Older racehorses (≥4 years) and those with grade 3 PC have a guarded prognosis for returning to previous performance levels.
PC is associated with impaired arterial oxygenation, impacting race performance and earnings.