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Updated: Jul 15, 2026
Rapid Detection of Fecal Antigen of Helicobacter pylori Infection Based on Double Antibody Sandwich Detection Technology
Published on: May 23, 2025
[Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in children based on stool antigen test]
Carmen Gloria González F1, Carolina Serrano H, Paul R Harris
1Departamento de Pediatría, Sección de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago, Chile.
Insights
The stool antigen test (HpSA) accurately diagnoses Helicobacter pylori infection in children. Serum antibody tests, particularly IgG, are less accurate but can also detect H. pylori, aiding in pediatric diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Infectious Diseases
- Diagnostic Microbiology
Background:
- Helicobacter pylori infection requires early diagnosis and management in children.
- Accurate diagnostic methods are crucial for effective treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the accuracy of non-invasive stool antigen (HpSA) and serum antibody tests (IgG, IgA) against invasive endoscopic methods for diagnosing H. pylori in children.
- To determine the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of these diagnostic tools.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 39 children (ages 3-14) undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.
- Invasive methods (histology, urease test) served as the gold standard for H. pylori diagnosis.
- HpSA and serum IgG/IgA antibody levels were assessed and compared to the gold standard.
Main Results:
- H. pylori infection was confirmed in 26% of the children.
- The HpSA test demonstrated high accuracy: 90% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% PPV, and 97% NPV.
- Serum IgG showed 81% sensitivity and 97% specificity, while IgA had 90% sensitivity and 76% specificity.
Conclusions:
- The HpSA test is a highly sensitive and specific tool for diagnosing H. pylori infection in pediatric populations.
- While less accurate than HpSA, serum IgG antibody testing provides a viable, albeit less precise, alternative for H. pylori detection in children.
Background:
During infancy, preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic efforts for Helicobacter pylori infection should be made.
Aim:
To evaluate non-invasive diagnostic methods such as stool antigen test (HpSA) and serum anti-H pylori antibody detection (IgG e IgA), compared to endoscopy-based invasive methods (histology and urease test) for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection.
Patients And Methods:
Thirty nine children (aged 3 to 14 years, 20 males) referred for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, were studied. The gold standard to diagnose Helicobacter pylori infection was defined as a positive invasive diagnostic test (histology and/or urease test). Sensitivity (S), specificity (E) and positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values were obtained for HpSA and serum antibodies.
Results:
Ten children (26%) were infected with H pylori. S, E, PPV and NPV for HpSA were 90, 100, 100 and 97%, respectively. The figures for serum IgG were 81, 97, 89 and 93%, respectively and for IgA, 90, 76, 36 and 96%, respectively.
Conclusions:
HpSA was sensitive and specific as a clinical and epidemiological tool to evaluate H pylori infection in children. Serology was not as accurate, but IgG had a better performance than IgA.
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