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Related Experiment Videos

Quantifying geocode location error using GIS methods.

Matthew J Strickland1, Csaba Siffel, Bennett R Gardner

  • 1National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. MStrickland@cdc.gov

Environmental Health : a Global Access Science Source
|April 6, 2007
PubMed
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Geographic Information System (GIS) methods quantified geocode uncertainty for birth defect surveillance. This approach using tax parcel data offers a viable alternative to field validation.

Area of Science:

  • Geographic Information Science
  • Spatial Epidemiology
  • Public Health Surveillance

Background:

  • The Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program (MACDP) collects maternal addresses for infants with birth defects.
  • Addresses are geocoded by the Office of Health Information and Policy (OHIP) and a commercial vendor.
  • Geographic Information System (GIS) methods are used to assess geocode uncertainty.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify geocode uncertainty using GIS methods.
  • To evaluate the accuracy of geocodes from two different agencies.
  • To assess the impact of geocode location error on spatial analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Maternal addresses from 599 infants with birth defects in Fulton and Gwinnett Counties were analyzed.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Tax parcel datasets and high-resolution orthoimagery were utilized.
  • Simulated geocode errors were used to determine the percentage of geocodes resolving into incorrect census tracts.

    • Main Results:

    • Median geocode location error was under 100 meters for both agencies.
    • Location error was higher in suburban Gwinnett County compared to Fulton County.
    • 4.5%–5.3% of simulated geocodes resolved into incorrect census tracts.

    Conclusions:

    • Geocode location uncertainty can be estimated using tax parcel databases within a GIS.
    • This GIS-based approach provides a practical alternative to field validation.
    • Accurate geocoding is crucial for effective public health surveillance.