Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment
Published on: June 23, 2019
Tuberculous and syphilitic meningitis in a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus
Toshio Makie1, Yoshihiko Yamamoto, Tomoko Uehira
1AIDS Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan. makie@info.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp <makie@info.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp>
Abstract:
This report examines simultaneous tuberculous and syphilitic meningitis in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The 41-year-old homosexual patient presented with meningitis and hydrocephalus. His CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte counts per microliter were 60 and 71, respectively. His clinical presentation was of a rapid-onset cerebral attack incompatible with tuberculous meningitis. Imaging indicated fatal bilateral cerebral infarction at the basal nuclei, and basal meningitis. We believe that syphilitic meningitis in HIV exacerbated the central nervous system (CNS) damage caused by tuberculosis and syphilis. The combination of three pathogens, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Treponema pallidum, and HIV, has a great potential to cause serious CNS damage.
More Related Videos
11:14Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture
Published on: October 12, 2018
07:39An In vitro Co-infection Model to Study Plasmodium falciparum-HIV-1 Interactions in Human Primary Monocyte-derived Immune Cells
Published on: August 15, 2012
Related Concept Videos
Cryptococcal Meningitis
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Sexually Transmitted Infections
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Tuberculosis