Elimination of measles--South Korea, 2001-2006

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Epidemiology
• Immunization Programs

Background:

• Measles was endemic in South Korea prior to the introduction of measles-containing vaccine (MCV).
• National immunization programs evolved, introducing a single dose of MCV in 1965 and the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine in 1983.
• A second MCV dose (MCV2) was added in 1997, but low coverage (39% in a 2000 study) persisted due to insufficient policy support.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the activities undertaken as part of South Korea's National Measles Elimination Plan.
• To summarize the results of the 5-year plan initiated in response to a 2000-2001 measles epidemic.
• To document the achievement of interrupting indigenous measles transmission in South Korea.

Main Methods:

• Implementation of a comprehensive 5-year National Measles Elimination Plan starting in 2001.
• Strengthening policies and programs to improve two-dose MCV coverage.
• Monitoring and surveillance to track measles transmission and vaccination rates.

Main Results:

• Successful interruption of indigenous measles transmission achieved by late 2006.
• South Korea became the first country in the WHO Western Pacific Region to declare measles elimination.
• The National Measles Elimination Plan effectively addressed a significant measles epidemic.

Conclusions:

• The strategic implementation of the National Measles Elimination Plan was pivotal in achieving measles elimination.
• Sustained political will and program support are crucial for successful vaccine-preventable disease eradication.
• South Korea's experience provides a model for other nations aiming for measles elimination.